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As for the AFP Modernization Program taking place at present, most of the reports usually deals with purchasing the military assets which in its way shows the physical changes that provide the image that the whole Armed Forces is set to be capable enough for a minimum deterrence.

See more of Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Modernization Program Watchdog on Facebook. Create New Account. See more of Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Modernization Program Watchdog on Facebook. Forgot account? Create New Account. Community See All. 11,673 people like this. For several years now since the enactment of the AFP Modernization Act in 1995, the AFP modernization has been at snail pace because of budgetary constraints. Padilla told the Philippine News Agency Sunday that the amount for the AFP’s modernization program was allocated in the General Appropriations Act (GAA) for 2018.

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP; Filipino: Sandatahang Lakas ng Pilipinas; Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas de Filipinas) are the military forces of the Philippines. It consists of the three main service branches; the Army, the Navy (including the Marine Corps) and the Air Force. The President of the Philippines is the Commander-in-Chief of the AFP and forms military policy with the Department of National Defense, an executive department acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out, while the Chief of Staff is the overall commander and the highest-ranking officer in the AFP. A previous attached branch is the defunct Philippine Constabulary (which is merged with the Integrated National Police to form the Philippine National Police), while the Philippine Coast Guard is a wartime attached service. Military service is entirely voluntary.^[6]

• 1Leadership
• 2History
• 3Organization and branches
• 8Ranks

Leadership[edit]

• Commander-in-chief - PresidentRodrigo Roa Duterte
• Secretary of National Defense - Sec. Delfin Lorenzana
• National Security Council Adviser - Sec.Hermogenes Esperon

AFP Chain of Command[edit]

History[edit]

Pre-Hispanic Philippines maintained local militia groups under the barangay system. Reporting to the datu, these groups, aside from maintaining order in their communities, also served as their defense forces. With the arrival of Islam, the system of defense forces in the Mindanao region's sultanates under Muslim control mirrored those other existing sultanates in the region. These local warriors who were in the service of the Sultan were also responsible to qualified male citizens appointed by him.

During the Spanish colonial period, the Spanish Army was responsible for the defense and general order of the archipelago in the land, while the Spanish Navy conducts maritime policing in the seas as well as providing naval logistics to the Army. The Guardia Civil took police duties and maintaining public order in villages and towns. In the early years of Spanish colonial era, most of the formations of the army were composed of conquistadors backed with native auxiliaries. By the 18th and 19th Centuries, line infantry and cavalry formations were created composed of mixed Spanish and Filipino personnel, as well as volunteer battalions composed of all-Filipino volunteers during the later half of the 19th Century. Units from other colonies were also levied to augment the existing formations in the Philippines. Almost all of the formations of the Spanish Army in the archipelago participated in the local religious uprisings between 17th and 19th Centuries, and in the Philippine Revolution in 1896 fighting against the revolutionary forces. At the peak of the revolution, some Filipinos and a few Spaniards in the Spanish Army, Guardia Civil, and Navy defected to the Revolutionary Army.

The Spanish cession of the Philippines in the 1898 Treaty of Paris put the independence of the newly declared Southeast Asian republic in grave danger. The revolutionaries were fighting desperately as the American forces already landed in other islands and had taken over towns and villages. The Americans established the Philippine Constabulary in 1901 manned by Filipino fighters and used against Gen. Aguinaldo who was later captured.

On April 9, 2002, Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proclaimed that the Philippine–American War had ended on April 16, 1902 with the surrender of General Miguel Malvar.^[17]

Since the beginning of American rule in the Philippines, the United States Army had taken the responsibility for the defense of the country in the land, and the United States Navy in the seas until the passage of the National Defense Act of 1935 which called for a separate defense force for the Philippines.

Creation and World War II[edit]

In accordance with the National Defense Act of 1935, the Armed Forces of the Philippines was officially established on December 21, 1935, when the act entered into force.^[18] Retired U.S. General Douglas MacArthur was asked to supervise its foundation and training. MacArthur accepted the offer and became a Field Marshal of the Philippines, a rank no other person has since held.^[19]Jean MacArthur, his wife, found the situation amusing and remarked that her husband had gone from holding the highest rank in the United States Army to holding the highest rank in a non-existent army. President Quezon officially conferred the title of Field Marshal on MacArthur in a ceremony at Malacañan Palace on August 24, 1936 when he appeared with a gold marshal's baton and a unique uniform.^[20]

The Army of the Philippines included naval and air assets directly reporting to Army headquarters, and the Philippine Constabulary, later part of the ground forces proper as a division. In 1938 the Constabulary Division was separated from the army and reorganized into a national police force.^[21][22]

MacArthur expanded the Army of the Philippines with the revival of the Navy in 1940 and the formation of the Philippine Army Air Corps (formerly the Philippine Constabulary Air Corps), but they were not ready for combat at the start of the Pacific War in December 1941 and unable to defeat the 1941–42 Japanese invasion of the Philippines.

In 1940-41, most soldiers of the Philippine military were incorporated in the U.S. Army Forces Far East (USAFFE), with MacArthur appointed as its commander. USAFFE made its last stand on Corregidor Island, after which Japanese forces were able to force all remaining Filipino and American troops to surrender. The establishment of the general headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army are military station went to the province during occupation. Those who survived the invasion but escaped from the Japanese formed the basis of recognized guerrilla units and ongoing local military force of the Philippine Commonwealth Army that continued the fighting against the enemy all over the islands. The Philippine Constabulary went on active service under the Armed Forces of the Philippines during liberation. After Japan was defeated in World War II, the Philippines gained its independence in 1946. (This was its second independence after the Philippine Declaration of Independence in 1898). In 1947 the modern AFP first emerged with the upgrade of the PAAC to the Philippine Air Force.

After independence[edit]

During the Korean War from 1951 to 1953, the Philippines sent various AFP battalions, known as the Philippine Expeditionary Forces to Korea (PEFTOK) to fight as part of the US-led United Nations Command in liberating South Korea from the invading North Korean troops. At the same time the armed forces, including the established Marine company under the PN, fought against Communist elements of the Hukbalahap (by then the Bagong Hukbong Bayan, the Philippine counterpart of the PLA) in Central Luzon, two Southern Tagalog provinces and several Visayan provinces, with great successes.

In 1966, an AFP battalion was also sent into South Vietnam during the Vietnam War to ameliorate the economic and social conditions of its people there. AFP units were also sent at the same time to the Spratly Islands.

1963 would see the first women join the ranks of the armed forces with the raising of the Women's Auxiliary Corps.

Upon the declaration of Martial Law in 1972, then-President Ferdinand Marcos used the AFP, through the regime's secret police force, the National Intelligence and Security Authority, to arrest,and to contain communists for national security. Marcos - as Commander in Chief - did modernization efforts for the AFP by instituting a series of self-reliance programs to enable it to construct its own weapons, warplanes, tanks, ships and planes locally instead of buying from foreign sources. It was a period when the AFP is technically advance compared to its neighbors. A missile development program known as the 'Sta. Barbara project' was initiated by the AFP and soon it had its own missiles and the AFP itself was undergoing an expansion program too, partly due to a national service program started in the late 1970s. Sadly, everything was back to stone age after 1986 so-called People Power Revolution and after they ousted Marcos.

In 1981, when Marcos' trusted military officer, General Fabian Ver became the AFP chief of staff, favoritism was believed to be attached to the military organization due to the fact that the general only placed his favorites in most sensitive positions, it did not dismay qualified officers. Marcos would like to make sure who is fit for the job. Ver and Marcos also extended the tour of duty of those military officers who should have been effectively retired, to the dismay also of the younger officers. Consequently, discontent in the AFP ensued.

The AFP also at that time, waged a military campaign against the secessionist Moro National Liberation Front in the island of Mindanao and New People's Army units under the Communist Party of the Philippines nationwide, growing to a 200,000 strong force.

In 1986, a faction of AFP headed by then Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile and AFP vice-chief of staff Lt. General Fidel V. Ramos took a stand against Marcos, ushering in the bloodless People Power Revolution that removed Marcos from power and installed Corazon Aquino as the new president of the Philippines.

During Aquino's term, most of the military units remained loyal to her as she dealt with various coup attempts against her by other military factions that remained loyal to the former dictator and those military officers who helped her to assume power. The 1989 coup attempt, the bloodiest of all coup attempts against her was crushed with US help. The AFP, during her term also launched a massive campaign against the CPP-NPA after a brief hiatus and also against the MNLF in the south.

In 1991, the major services of the AFP was reduced from four to three, when the Philippine Constabulary or PC, an AFP major service tasked to enforce the law and to curb criminality, was formally merged with the country's Integrated National Police, a national police force on the cities and municipalities in the country attached to the PC to become the Philippine National Police, thus removing it from AFP control and it was civilianized by a law passed by Congress, therefore becoming under the Department of the Interior and Local Government as a result.

In 2000, then President Joseph Estrada ordered the AFP to launch an 'All-Out war' against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, a breakaway group of the MNLF that wants to proclaim Mindanao an independent state.

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In 2001, Estrada was removed from power in the two-day Edsa Dos People Power revolt, in which the AFP played a key role. The revolution installed then Vice-President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as president.

Since 2001, the Armed Forces of the Philippines has been active in supporting the War on terror and has been attacking terrorist groups in Mindanao ever since. In 2012, the AFP Chief of Staff said that there had been no increase in the number of soldiers over a long period, and that the military aimed to hire 30,000 troops in three years.^[23]

In 2013, the AFP managed to stall the attacks of the Moro National Liberation Front in the Zamboanga City crisis as they launch an attack to proclaim the independence of the Bangsamoro Republik. In 2016, the AFP clashed with the Maute group on Butig on February and on November of 2016. In 2017, The AFP also clashed with ISIS Militants in Marawi, calling President Duterte to declare Martial Law under Proclamation 216.

Modernization[edit]

Republic Act No. 7898, approved on February 23, 1995, declared it the policy of the State to modernize the AFP to a level where it can effectively and fully perform its constitutional mandate to uphold the sovereignty and preserve the patrimony of the Republic of the Philippines, and mandated specific actions to be taken to achieve this end.^[24] Republic Act No. 10349, approved on December 11, 2012, amended RA7898 to establish a revised AFP modernization program.^[25] The act include new provision for the acquisition of equipment for all the branches of AFP.

Organization and branches[edit]

The 1987 Philippine Constitution placed the AFP under the control of a civilian, the President of the Philippines, who acts as its Commander-in-Chief. All of its branches are part of the Department of National Defense, which is headed by the Secretary of National Defense.

The AFP has three major services:^[26]

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• Philippine Army (PA) – Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas, Ejército Filipino
• Philippine Navy (PN) – Hukbong Dagat ng Pilipinas, Armada Filipina
  • Philippine Marine Corps (PMC) - Hukbong Kawal Pandagat ng Pilipinas, Cuerpo de Infantería de Marina de las Filipinas
• Philippine Air Force (PAF) – Hukbong Himpapawid ng Pilipinas, Fuerza Aérea Filipina

These three major services are unified under a Chief of Staff who normally holds the rank of General/Admiral. He is assisted by The Vice Chief of Staff, and The Deputy Chief of Staff, normally holding the rank of Lieutenant General/Vice Admiral. Each of the three major branches are headed by an officer with the following titles: Commanding General of the Philippine Army (Lieutenant General), Flag Officer in Command of the Philippine Navy (Vice Admiral), and Commanding General of the Philippine Air Force (Lieutenant General), as well as the AFP Inspector General (Lieutenant General/Vice Admiral) and Unified Command Commanders(Lieutenant General/Vice Admiral). Meanwhile, the Chief of Staff of the AFP is also assisted by the following office holders carry the rank of Major General/Rear Admiral: The Commandant of the Philippine Marine Corps, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, J1, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, J2, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, Organization & Training, J3, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics, J4, Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans, J5, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Communications, Electronics and Information Systems Service, J6, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Civil-Military Operations, J7, The Deputy Chief of Staff for Education and Training, J8, and The Deputy Chief of Staff for Retirees and Reservists Affairs, J9.

Former branches[edit]

The Philippine Constabulary (PC) was a gendarmerie type para-military police force of the Philippines established in 1901 by the United States-appointed administrative authority, replacing the Guardia Civil of the Spanish colonial regime. On December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975 was approved, organizing the Philippine National Police (PNP) consisting of the members of the Integrated National Police (INP) and the officers and enlisted personnel of the PC. Upon the effectivity of that Act, the PC ceased to be a major service of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the INP ceased to be the national police and civil defense force.^[27] On January 29, 1991, the PC and the INP were formally retired and the PNP was activated in their place.^[28]

Unified commands[edit]

Units from these three services may be assigned to one of several 'Unified Commands', which are multi-service, regional entities:^[29]

Former Unified & Wide Support Commands[edit]

• National Development Support Command (NADESCOM)
• Southern Command (SOUTHCOM)
• Central Luzon Command (CELCOM)

AFP-wide support and affiliate units[edit]

Several service-wide support services and separate units report directly to the AFP General Headquarters (AFP GHQ), these include:

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• General Headquarters and Headquarters Service Command (GHQ & HSC) (acts since 1988 as the fourth Major Service Command representing the support, technical and independent services of the Armed Forces)
• Technical and Administrative Service, Armed Forces of the Philippines (TASAFP)
• Intelligence Service, Armed Forces of the Philippines (ISAFP)
• Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center (AFPMC)
• Armed Forces of the Philippines Commissary and Exchange Service (AFPCES)
• Armed Forces of the Philippines, Dental Service Center (AFPDSC)
• National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP)
• AFP Peacekeeping Operations Center (AFP-PKOC)
• AFP Joint Task Force-National Capital Region (AFP JTF-NCR) - Replaced the deactivated NCR Commands
• AFP Doctrine Development Center (AFPDDC)

Philippine Defense Reform[edit]

In October 1999, the Joint Defense Assessment (JDA) began as a policy level discussion between the Philippine Secretary of National Defense and the US Secretary of Defense. An initial JDA report in 2001 provided an objective evaluation of Philippine defense capability. During a May 2003 state visit to Washington DC, President Arroyo requested U.S. assistance in conducting a strategic assessment of the Philippine defense system. This led to a follow-up JDA and formulation of recommendations addressing deficiencies found in the Philippine defense structure.^[30]

The results of the 2003 JDA were devastating. The JDA findings revealed that the AFP was only partially capable of performing its most critical missions. Moreover, the results pointed overwhelmingly toward institutional and strategic deficiencies as being the root cause of most of the shortcomings. A common thread in all: the lack of strategy-based planning that would focus DND/AFP on addressing priority threats and link capability requirements with the acquisition process.

Specifically, the 2003 JDA revealed critical deficiencies in the following specific areas:^[31]

• Systemic approach to policy planning
• Personnel management and leadership
• Defense expenditures and budgeting
• Acquisition
• Supply and maintenance
• Quality assurance for existing industrial base
• Infrastructure support

During a reciprocal visit to the Philippines in October 2003 by U.S. President Bush, he and President Arroyo issued a joint statement expressing their commitment to embark upon a multi-year plan to implement the JDA recommendations. The Philippine Defense Reform (PDR) Program is the result of that agreement.

The JDA specifically identified 65 key areas and 207 ancillary areas of concern. These were reduced to ten broad-based and inter-related recommendations that later became the basis for what became known as the PDR Priority Programs. The ten are:^[32]1. Multi-Year Defense Planning System (MYDPS)2. Improve Intelligence, Operations, and Training Capacities3. Improve Logistics Capacity4. Professional Development Program5. Improve Personnel Management System6. Multi-year Capabilities Upgrade Program (CUP)7. Optimization of Defense Budget and Improvement of Management Controls8. Centrally Managed Defense Acquisition System Manned by a Professional Workforce9. Development of Strategic Communication Capability10. Information Management Development Program

From the perspective of the Philippine Department of National Defense (DND), the framework for reforms is based on an environment of increasing economic prowess and a gradually decreasing threat level over time, and seeks to make the following improvements:^[33]1. Address AFP capability gaps to enable the AFP to effectively fulfill its mission.2. Implement capability for seamless interoperability by developing proficiency in the conduct of joint operations, eliminating crisis handleing by individual major services as done previously.3. improve effectiveness of internal security operations.4. Enhance capability to counter terrorism and other transnational threats.5. Provide sustainment and/or long-term viability of acquired capabilities.6. Improve cost-effectiveness of operations.7. Improve accountability and transparency in the DND.8. Increase professionalism in the AFP through reforms in areas such as promotions, assignments, and training.9. Increase involvement of AFP in the peace process.

According to the goals stated in the Philippines Defense Reform Handbook:, 'The PDR serves as the overall framework to re-engineer our systems and re-tool our personnel.'^[34] The Philippine Defense Reform follows a three-step implementation plan:^[35]1. Creating the environment for reform (2004–2005);2. Enabling the defense establishment (2005–2007);3. Implementing and institutionalizing reform (2007–2010).

On September 23, 2003, President Arroyo issued Executive Order 240, streamlining procedures for defense contracts for the expeditious implementation of defense projects and the speedy response to security threats while promoting transparency, impartiality, and accountability in government transactions. Executive Order 240, creating the Office of the Undersecretary of Internal Control in the DND, mandated in part to institutionalize reforms in the procurement and fund disbursement systems in the AFP and the DND.^[36] On November 30, 2005, the Secretary of National Defense issued Department Order No. 82 (DO 82), creating the PDR Board and formalizing the reform organizational set-up between the DND and the AFP and defining workflow and decision-making processes.^[37]

The PDR is jointly funded by the U.S. and R.P. governments. from 2004 to 2008, funding amounted to $51.8 million from the U.S. and $514.0 million from the RP.^[38] Initial planning assumptioned that the 18-year span of reform would encompass a period of steady rise in economic growth coupled with equally steady decline in the military threat from terrorists and separatists. Neither of these projections have proven accurate. As of 2010, at the six-year mark of PDR, the Philippine economy was internally strong, but suffering during a period of recession that crippled Philippine purchasing power. Worse, the threat situation in the Philippines had not improved significantly, or as in the case of the Sulu Archipelago, was deteriorating.^[39]

During the Arroyo presidency, deliberate 'Rolodexing' of senior leadership within the DND and AFP constantly put U.S. PDR advocates in a position of re-winning previously won points and positions, and gave U.S. observers a 'two steps forward, one step back' impression of the program. As of 2010, U.S. observers were uncertain whether Arroyo's successor, Benigno Aquino III, chosen in Philippine Presidential elections on May 10, 2010, will continue the tradition of rapid turnover of senior leadership.^[40]

U.S. observers have reported that overall progress of the PDR is unmistakable and has clearly struck a wider swath of the Philippine defense establishment than originally hoped. However, they see some troubling signs that the depth of the PDR's impact may not be as significant as originally desired. For example, the Philippine legislature continues to significantly underfund the DND and AFP, currently at.9 percent of GDP, compared to an average of 2 percent worldwide, and a 4 percent outlay by the U.S. Even with full implementation of all the PDR's programs and recommendations, the defense establishment would not be able to sustain itself at current funding levels. While this can be made up by future outlays, as of 2010 observers see no outward sign the legislature is planning to do so.^[40] One U.S. observer likened PDR process to the progress of a Jeepney on a busy Manila avenue—explaining, 'a Jeepney moves at its own pace, stops unexpectedly, frequently changes passengers, moves inexplicably and abruptly right and left in traffic, but eventually arrives safely.'^[41] President Aquino has promised to implement the PDR program.^[42] As of 9 March 2011, a major Philippine news organization tracking performance on his promises evaluated that one as 'To Be Determined.'^[43]

The Mutual Defense Treaty between the Philippines and the United States has not been updated since its signing in 1951. As of 2013, discussions were underway for a formal U.S.-Philippine Framework Agreement detail how U.S. forces would be able to 'operate on Philippine military bases and in Philippine territorial waters to help build Philippine military capacity in maritime security and maritime domain awareness.'^[44] In particular, this Framework Agreement would which would increase rotational presence of American forces in the Philippines.^[45]

Longstanding treaties, such as the aforementioned 1951 Mutual Defense Treaty and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) of 1982,^[46] are of great importance to the Philippines in supporting maritime security in particular; respectively, their legally binding nature provides long-term effectiveness for mutual defense cooperation and for the development of the Philippine maritime and archipelagic domain.

Philippine defense operations are supported in part through U.S. Section 1206 ($102.3 million) and 1207 ($16.02 million) funds. These funds are aimed at carrying out security, counterterrorism training and rule of law programs.^[47] Overall, the United States is increasing U.S. funding for military education and training programs in Southeast Asia. The most recent U.S. Department of Defense budget for the region includes $90 million for programs, which is a 50 percent increased from four years ago.^[48]

Handling threats[edit]

In 2007, The Jamestown Foundation, a US-based think tank, reported that the AFP was one of the weakest military forces in Southeast Asia, saying that as the country's primary security threats are land-based, the Army has received priority funding, and that the operational effectiveness of the Philippine Navy (PN) and Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) has suffered accordingly, leaving the country's sea lanes largely unprotected.^[49] In 2008, The Irrawaddy reported a statement by GeneralAlexander B. Yano, then Chief of Staff of the AFP, that the Philippine military cannot fully defend the country from external threats due to a lack of weapons and a preoccupation with crushing the long-running communist and Muslim insurgencies. Yano went on to say that a more ambitious modernization of the ill-equipped navy and air force to better guard the country from external threats will have to wait, saying, 'To be very frank with you, our capability as far as these aspects are concerned is a little deficient,' and 'We cannot really defend all these areas because of a lack of equipment.'

Corruption within the higher ranks are believed to be one of the main reasons why modernization of the armed forces has remained stagnant for decades.^[50]

As reported by The Philippine Star in an op-ed piece, the Commission on Audit said in its 2010 audit report for the Philippine Air Force (PAF) that with only 31 aging airplanes and 54 helicopters, the PAF 'virtually has a non-existent air deterrent capability' and is 'ill-equipped to be operationally responsive to national security and development.'^[51]

Since 1951, a Mutual Defense Treaty has been in effect between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States.^[50][52]

The country is prone to transnational crime, maritime territorial disputes, environmental degradation and disasters. Transnational crimes include international terrorism, drug trafficking, small arms trafficking. Environmental degradation consists of marine resource exploitation and pollution. Disasters include typhoons and floods.

The Philippines faces technical and geospatial challenges in handling threats to maritime surveillance operations and external defense. Having the eighth longest coastline (36,000 km) in the world,^[53] the country is subject to porous borders and coastlines, which place constraints on the acquisition of long-range radar systems, which require multilateral assistance due to limited defense funds. Additionally, the production, development, procurement and servicing of satellite technology is deemed as cost prohibitive.

National policies[edit]

Recent national policies have shifted the strategic direction of the AFP towards external, territorial defense as opposed to previous, internal foci. Some of the challenges with this change in strategic direction include the uneven distribution of maritime security resources among territorial, transnational, environmental, and humanitarian assistance and disaster response (HADR) conflicts.^[54] For example, Philippine Executive Order 57, signed in 2011 by President Benigno Aquino III, established a central inter-agency mechanism for enhancing governance in the country's maritime domain.^[55] Between 1990 and 2011, Navy and Navy Reserve Manpower (including Naval Aviation and Marines) in the Philippines totaled 24,000 (active) and 15,000 (reserve).

Conflicts over responsibility for maritime surveillance between armed forces continue to underscore the numerous challenges that the TBA faces. For example, following the expulsion of Ferdinand Marcos from the Philippines in 1986, the Philippine Coast Guard separated from the Philippine Navy, resulting in an uneven distribution of resources and jurisdictional confusion.^[56]

Recognition and achievements[edit]

The Philippine Army shooting team was the overall champion in a two-week competition held in Australia, 2013.^[57] The Philippine Army shooting team won 14 gold medals, 50 silver medals and two bronze medals in Australian Army Skills at the Arms Meeting (AASAM) 2014.^[58] The 7th Philippine Contingent peacekeepers to the Golan Heights were awarded the prestigious United Nations Service Medal for the performance of their mission.^[59]

Ranks[edit]

The officer ranks are as follows:^[60][61]

These ranks, heavily inspired by those of the United States Armed Forces, are officially used in the Philippine Army, Air Force and Marine Corps. The ranks are more frequently referred and addressed in English rather than in Spanish or Tagalog/Filipino, since English is the working language within the Armed Forces.

The ranks in the Philippine Navy are similar to the US Navy ranks, the only difference is the rank of Commodore in the Philippine Navy is equivalent to the Lower Half Rear Admiral of the US Navy.

The alternative style of address for the ranks of lieutenant junior grade, lieutenant senior grade, second lieutenant, and first lieutenant are simply lieutenant in English, or tenyente or teniente in Tagalog and Spanish, respectively.

The ranks of enlisted personnel in Filipino are the same as their U.S. counterparts, with some differences. Except in the Marine Corps, never used are the ranks of specialist, sergeant first class, and first sergeant. Lance corporal, gunnery sergeant, and master gunnery sergeant are also never used by the Philippine Marine Corps, whose ranks are the same as the Army's. Additionally, sergeant majors in the AFP are only appointments for senior ranked non-commissioned officers (NCOs) rather than ranks, examples of such appointments being the Command Sergeant Major, AFP (held by a first chief master sergeant or a first master chief petty officer) and the Command Master Chief Petty Officer, Philippine Navy (held by an either MCPO or CMS or a SCPO or SMS).

In the Philippine Navy, they also use enlisted ranks which come from the U.S. Navy with their specialization, e.g. 'Master Chief and Boatswain's mate Juan Dela Cruz, PN' (Philippine Navy).

In effect, the AFP uses the pre-1955 US military enlisted ranks, with several changes, especially in the Navy and in the senior NCO ranks.

There are no warrant officers in between officer ranks and enlisted ranks.

The uniqueness of Philippine military ranks can be seen in the current highest ranks of first chief master sergeant (for the Army, Marine Corps and Air Force) and first master chief petty officer (for the Navy), both created in 2004, and since then have become the highest enlisted rank of precedence. Prior, first chief sergeant and master chief petty officer were the highest enlisted ranks and rates, the former being the highest rank of precedence for Army, Air Force and Marine NCOs. Today only the rank of first master chief petty officer is unused, but the rank of first chief master sergeant is now being applied.

Five-star rank[edit]

President Ferdinand Marcos, who acted also as national defense secretary (from 1965–1967 and 1971–1972), issued an order conferring the five-star officer rank to the President of the Philippines, making himself as its first rank holder.^{[citation needed]} Since then, the rank of five-star general/admiral became an honorary rank of the commander-in-chief of the armed forces whenever a new president assumes office for a six-year term, thus making the President the most senior military official.^[62]

The only career military officer who reached the rank of five-star general/admiral de jure is President Fidel V. Ramos (USMA 1950) (president from 1992–1998) who rose from second lieutenant up to commander-in-chief of the armed forces.^[63]

General of the ArmyDouglas MacArthur was also made Field Marshal of the Philippine Army with five-star rank in 1938, the only person to hold that rank. Emilio Aguinaldo, the first President of the Philippines, holds an equivalent of five-star general under the title Generalissimo and Minister/Field Marshal as the first commander-in-chief of the AFP.

The position is honorary and may be granted to any military officer, especially generals or admirals who had significant contributions and showed heroism, only in times of war and national defense concerns and emergencies. The highest peacetime rank is that of four-star general which is being held only by the AFP Chief of Staff. However, no law specifically establishes the rank of five-star general in the Armed Forces of the Philippines unlike in the United States and other countries.

Rank insignia[edit]

The AFP, like the military forces of Singapore and Indonesia, uses unitary rank insignia for enlisted personnel, in the form of raised chevrons increasing by seniority, save for the Philippine Air Force which uses inverted chevrons from Airman 2nd Class onward only since recently.^[64] In the Philippine Navy these are supplemented by rating insignia by specialty, similar to the United States Navy. Like the British and Spanish armed services, however, senior ranked NCOs (especially in the Philippine Navy) also wear shoulder rank insignia only on the mess, semi-dress and dress uniforms, and in some cases even collar insignia. Like the US military all NCOs wear sleeve stripes to denote years of service in the enlisted ranks. Sleeve insignia for enlisted personnel in the Army and the Navy are similar but are different from those used in the US while those in the Marine Corps mirror its US counterpart but with special symbols from Master Sergeants onward (adopted in the early 2000s).

Officer ranks in the AFP are inspired by revolutionary insignia used by the Philippine Army after the 1898 declaration of independence. These are unitary rank insignia used in the every day, combat, duty and technical uniforms both on shoulders and collars (the latter in the khaki uniforms of the Navy), but in the semi-dress, dress and mess uniforms are different: The Army, Air Force and Marine Corps use unitary rank insignia on the shoulder board but the Navy uses the very same rank insignia format as in the US Navy except for the star (for Ensigns to Captains) in almost all officer uniforms and all general officer and flag officer shoulder boards in the full dress uniform are in gold colored backgrounds with the rank insignia and the AFP seal (the star arrangement is the same in the Army, Air Force and Marines but is different in the Navy). The Navy uses sleeve insignia only on its dress blue uniforms. Lieutenants and Captains wear 1 to 3 triangles (and Navy Ensigns and Lieutenants (junior and senior grades) in their working, duty and combat uniforms) while Majors, Lieutenant Colonels and Colonels wear 1, 2, and 3 suns (both triangles and suns have the ancient baybayin letter ka (K) in the center) as well as Navy superior officers (Lieutenant Commanders, Commanders and Captains) in their working, duty and combat uniforms respectively.

Gallery[edit]

• Armed Forces of the Philippines

• Philippine Navy rigid hull inflatable boats perform a maritime interdiction operation exercise in Manila Bay.

• Philippine Marine Corps push forward after splashing ashore in an amphibious assault vehicle during an exercise.

• A NAVSOG unit climbs a caving ladder aboard the BRP Dagupan City during a maritime interdiction exercise.

• Philippine Army Staff Sgt. Manolo Martin demonstrates the proper way to hold a king cobra during survival course training.

• Airmen of the 710th Special Operations Wing prepare to jump from a KC-130 during Parachute Operations training.

• The Northrop F-5 was the primary multi-role aircraft of the Philippine Air Force from 1967-2005.

• BRP Gregorio del Pilar steam in formation together with BRP Edsa Dos during the sea phase of CARAT Philippines 2013.

• Philippine Air Force W-3A Sokol in combat helicopter paint scheme before transferring to search and rescue role.

• Two FA-50 Jets of the Philippine Air Force.

• Two Del Pilar-class frigates at Subic Bay Port

• AFP Service Patches
• Battledress identification patch of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
• Philippine Army battledress patch
• Philippine Air Force battledress patch

• Philippine Marine Corps battledress pocket patch

• Philippine Navy battledress patch
  (for NAVSOG Personnel in battledress uniform)

Download Afp Modernization Program Pdf

• AFP emblems and patches in the Commonwealth Era
• Emblem of the Philippine Commonwealth Armed Forces, 1935-1946
• Shoulder patch of the AFP General Staff, 1946-1965

See also[edit]

• Philippine Coast Guard (PCG)

References[edit]

1. ^ ^ab'Philippines Manpower available for military service'.
2. ^ ^ab'Philippines Manpower fit for military service'.
3. ^'2017 Philippines Military Strength'. globalfirepower.com.
4. ^'AFP, DND Award Outstanding Reservists'.
5. ^https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/in-depth/229539-winners-losers-national-budget-philippines-2019
6. ^Central Intelligence Agency. 'The World Factbook: Military Service Age and Obligation'. Retrieved 28 February 2016. 17-23 years of age (officers 20-24) for voluntary military service; no conscription; applicants must be single male or female Philippine citizens with either 72 college credit hours (enlisted) or a baccalaureate degree (officers) (2013)
7. ^Mangosing, Frances (5 December 2018). 'EastMinCom commander Madrigal is next AFP chief'. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
8. ^https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1072944
9. ^https://news.mb.com.ph/2019/06/21/afps-second-highest-ranking-officer-bows-out-from-military-service/
10. ^https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/10/12/afp-welcomes-alberto-as-new-ph-army-commanding-general/
11. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2016-10-16. Retrieved 2019-01-31.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
12. ^https://www.paf.mil.ph/news-articles/ltgen-briguez-takes-over-36th-commanding-general-paf
13. ^https://www.paf.mil.ph/cg-paf/ltgen-rozzano-d-briguez-afp
14. ^https://www.update.ph/2017/09/philippine-marines-gets-new-commandant/20503
15. ^https://www.manilatimes.net/pnp-chiefs-mistah-new-marines-chief/348876/
16. ^http://www.afp.mil.ph/index.php/news/8-afp-news/521-afp-bestows-highest-rank-to-military-s-top-nco
17. ^'Speech of President Arroyo during the Commemoration of the Centennial Celebration of the end of the Philippine-American War April 16, 2002'. Official Gazette. Government of the Philippines.
18. ^'Commonwealth Act No. 1'.
19. ^See for example Manchester, William (1978). American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur 1880–1964. Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN0-440-30424-5. OCLC3844481.
20. ^James, D. Clayton (1970). Volume 1, 1880–1941. The Years of MacArthur. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 505. ISBN0-395-10948-5. OCLC60070186.
21. ^'Commonwealth Act No. 343 AN ACT TO ABOLISH THE STATE POLICE FORCE, TO REORGANIZE THE PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY INTO A NATIONAL POLICE FORCE AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR'. 23 June 1938.
22. ^'Executive Ordef No. 153 s. 1938 Reorganizing the Philippine Constabulary into a National Police Force'. 23 June 1938.
23. ^'AFP hopes to recruit 20,000 soldiers in 3 years'. ANC News. January 15, 2014.
24. ^'Republic Act No. 7898 : AFP Modernization Act'(PDF). Government of the Philippines. February 23, 1995.
25. ^'REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10349 : AN ACT AMENDING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7898, ESTABLISHING THE REVISED AFP MODERNIZATION PROGRAM AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES'. Government of the Philippines. December 11, 2012.
26. ^AFP Organization, [AFP website].
27. ^Republic Act No. 6975 (approved December 13, 1990), Chan Robles Law Library.
28. ^Philippine National Police 19th Anniversary (January 28, 2010), Manila Bulletin (archived from the originalArchived June 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine on 2012-06-14).
29. ^'AFP Organization'. Archived from the original on 2008-04-19. Retrieved 2008-02-03.
30. ^Comer 2010, pp. 6–7
31. ^Comer 2010, p. 7
32. ^Comer 2010, p. 8, Philippine Defense Reform (PDR), globalsecurity.org, DND and AFP: Transforming while Performing, Armed forces of the Philippines. (archived from the originalArchived January 28, 2006, at the Wayback Machine on 2006-01-28)
33. ^Comer 2010, pp. 12–14
34. ^Comer 2010, p. 14, citing Philippine Defense Reform Handbook, Revised 31 January 2008.
35. ^Comer 2010, p. 16
36. ^Comer 2010, p. 21, Executive Order No. 240, Philippine Supreme Court E-Library. (archived from the originalArchived August 15, 2011, at the Wayback Machine on 2012-04-29)
37. ^Comer 2010, p. 18
38. ^Comer 2010, p. 27
39. ^Comer 2010, p. 34
40. ^ ^abComer 2010, p. 35
41. ^Comer 2010, p. 36
42. ^Promise 62: Implement the Defense Reform ProgramArchived 2011-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, ABS-CBN News.
43. ^Aquino PromisesArchived 2011-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, ABS-CBN News.
44. ^'Defense.gov News Article: Hagel Praises 'Unbreakable' U.S.-Philippine Alliance'.
45. ^'PHL, US inch closer to deal on increased rotational presence of US troops'. GMA News Online.
46. ^Department of Environment and Natural Resources/United Nations Development Programme/MarineEnvironment and Resources Foundation, Inc. (2004) ArcDev: A Framework for Sustainable Archipelagic Development.
47. ^Serafino, N. (2013). Security Assistance Reform: 'Section 1206' Background and Issues for Congress. CRS Report for Congress. Accessed from: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RS22855.pdf
48. ^Voice of America (2013, August 26). U.S. Significantly Boosts Military Funding for SE Asia. Voice of America. Accessed from: http://www.voanews.com/content/hagel-se-asia-corrected/1737438.html
49. ^'The Triborder Sea Area: Maritime Southeast Asia's Ungoverned Space'. Terrorism Monitor. The Jamestown Foundation. 5 (19). October 24, 2007.
50. ^ ^abJim Gomez (AP, Manila) (June 4, 2008). 'Philippine Military Chief Says Armed Forces Not Strong Enough'. The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 2011-01-20. Retrieved 2009-10-16.
51. ^'EDITORIAL - Deadly weakness'. The Philippine Star. September 17, 2011.
52. ^'MUTUAL DEFENSE TREATY BETWEEN RP & USA - CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY'.
53. ^World Resources Institute (2012). Coastal and Marine Ecosystems – Marine Jurisdictions: Coastline Length. Accessed from: 'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2012-04-19. Retrieved 2016-02-05.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) of_coastline
54. ^Maritime Research Information Center (2013). Overview of the MRIC. Naval Station Francisco. Philippine Navy. Taguig City, Philippines. Accessed from: 'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2011-12-18. Retrieved 2014-06-12.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link).
55. ^Executive Order No. 57 by the President of the Philippines. 6 September 2011. Accessed from: 'Archived copy'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 2013-08-25. Retrieved 2014-06-12.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link).
56. ^Comer, C. (2010). The Parting of the Sulawesi Sea: U.S. Strategy and Transforming the Terrorist Transit Triangle. United States Army Combined Arms Center. Accessed from: http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/call/docs/11-23/ch_13.asp
57. ^'PA shooting team wins Asian Armies Skills at Arms Meet in Australia'. balita.ph - Online Filipino News.
58. ^'Philippine Army shooters among the best in the world - The Manila Times Online'.
59. ^'Pinoy peacekeepers in Golan Heights conferred prestigious UN medal'. GMA News Online.
60. ^Shoulder Ranks (Officers), The Philippine Army.(archived from the originalArchived August 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine on 2012-07-01)
61. ^Philippine Military Rank Insignia, Globalsecurity.org.
62. ^'Ferdinand E. Marcos'. Archived from the original on August 4, 2008. Retrieved 2013-09-30., Malacañang Museum.
63. ^'Fidel V. Ramos'. Archived from the original on 2008-04-30. Retrieved 2008-04-30.^{[failed verification]}, Malacañang Museum.
64. ^Rank insignia of the Philippine armed forces, scribd.com.

• 53rd PC Anniversary Yearbook, 1954 Edition
• Charles 'Ken' Comer, Philippine Defense Reform; Are we there yet?, Asia / South Pacific / India. Russian Military Security Watch, November 2010, U.S. Army Foreign Military Studies Office.

External links[edit]

The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Modernization Act also known as Republic Act No. 7898 was first made into law on February 23, 1995, under the leadership of PresidentFidel V. Ramos. It was aimed to modernize all branches of the AFP such as the Philippine Air Force, Philippine Navy and the Philippine Army. The law was intended to last for 15 years with an initial budget of 50 billion pesos for the first five years, but the funding was stopped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. After the financial crisis, the funding for the AFP modernization was halted and later neglected by successive administrations until the law expired in 2010.^[1]

In December 11, 2012, the Republic Act no. 7898 was amended by Republic Act No. 10349 also known as the revised AFP modernization act which extends the modernization program for another 15 years with an initial budget of 75 billion pesos for the first five years in order to continue modernizing all the branches of the AFP. The amended law was made under the leadership of PresidentBenigno Aquino III. This new law is aimed at building a defense system capable of addressing the assessed threats,^[2][3] at a time when the Philippines is locked with a sea dispute with China in the contested Spratly Islands along with Taiwan and other southeast Asian nations like Brunei, Malaysia and Vietnam.

The revised AFP modernization program is divided into three horizons.^[4][5] The first was implemented from 2013 to 2017, the second is from 2018 to 2022, while the third is from 2023 to 2028.

Afp Modernization Program 2017 Youtube

In June 20, 2018, PresidentRodrigo Duterte approved the Armed Forces modernization program's shopping list for Horizon 2. The list of projects will be implemented from 2018 to 2022, with a budget of about ₱300 billion, or about US$5.6 billion.^[4][5][6]

• 1Modernization programs

Modernization programs[edit]

The following acquisition programs is in-line with the ongoing AFP modernization program.

Philippine Air Force[edit]

• The Department of National Defense is working for the immediate delivery of at least 4 of the total 12 FA-50fighter jets plans to purchase from South Korea. The Department of National Defense has begun negotiations with the Korean Aerospace Industries (KAI) while it is waiting for Malacañang's final approval of the sales agreement. It will be a government-to-government procurement that requires multi-year obligational authority from the Department of Budget and Management. After the confirmation of the sales agreement and the multi-year obligational authority from DBM, the formal negotiations can start and schedule the delivery of at least 4 fighter jets.^[7] The government is moving closer to acquiring 12 FA-50 fighter jets for the air force after the defense department's Bids and Awards Committee (BAC) approved the terms of reference for the project. Once the terms of reference are approved with finality, the defense department could begin negotiations with the aircraft supplier, the state-run Korean Aerospace Industries (KAI). The negotiations are hoped to be finished by August.^[8] The negotiations were completed on Feb. 21, 2014. The Department of National Defense Special Bids and Awards Committee approved the offer of Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) in a meeting that was held in Camp Aguinaldo.^[9] On Mar. 28, 2014, it was announced by the state arms procurement agency of South Korea that South Korea signed a US$420 million contract Friday to export 12 FA-50 fighter jets built by Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) to the Philippines under a government-to-government deal.^[10]
• The Philippine Air Force has signed a contract for eight AW109 Power light twin helicopters. These aircraft will be used to perform a range of duties including homeland security, armed reconnaissance and close support. Deliveries will start in 2014. The contract also includes initial logistics support and training for aircrew and maintenance personnel.^[11] The Department of National Defense (Philippines) stated that the project involved the purchase of eight helicopters with full night operation capability, complete weapons system and integrated logistics support package.^[12] Two companies expressed their interest in the bidding process of the eight attack helicopters. Representatives of AgustaWestland and Eurocopter attended the pre-bid conference for the purchase of eight attack helicopters. Other companies including Bell Helicopter, FN Herstal, Elbit Systems and Boeing Company also sent representatives.^[13]
• The Department of National Defense will acquire 3 brand-new Medium Lift Fixed Wing Aircraft and its 'initial' Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) for the Air Force with a budget of PHP 5.3 billion.^[14] The plan is to acquire Medium Lift Fixed Wing Aircraft that can operate in any environment and will provide organic general support for territorial defense, internal peace and security plan, internal security operations, disaster response and national development.
• The Department of National Defense will acquire 2 brand-new Light Lift Fixed Wing Aircraft and its Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) for the Air Force with a budget of PHP 814 million.^[15] The plan is to acquire Light Lift Fixed Wing Aircraft that can operate in any environment and will provide organic general support for territorial defense, internal peace and security plan, internal security operations, disaster response and national development.
• The Department of National Defense will also acquire 3 units of Full Motion Flight Simulators and its Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) package with an approved budget of PHP 246,430,000 million.^[16] This will allow pilots an almost full sensory experience that can aid in improving flight instruction, enhancing proficiency, minimizing risks associated with emergency procedures training, reducing accidents, filling up downtimes, and saving on aircraft operational and maintenance costs.
• The Department of National Defense will acquire 21 units of refurbished UH-1 helicopters through public bidding and will include PHP 60 million worth of Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) package.^[17] After the failure of the third bidding, the DND has proceeded with the negotiated bidding with the joint venture of Rice Aircraft and Eagle Copter and finally awarded them on December 28, 2013, for a bid price of P1.25 billion for 21 refurbished UH-1 helicopters. Those helicopters should arrive within six months after the awarding.^[18]
• The PAF also eyes for JAS 39, F-16C, F-15E and IAI Kfir Block 60 as one of the next generation fighters.^[19] In responding to the Philippine desire for multirole fighters, the United States offered variants of the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon, and Sweden offered the Saab JAS 39 Gripen.^[20][21] After a throughout study and research in 2018, the Department of National Defense prefers the Swedish-made Gripen multi-role supersonic jet fighter for the Philippine Air Force.^[22][23]
• On November 2013, the DND released an invitation to bid for the acquisition of 3 brand new Search and Rescue seaplanes with an Integrated Logistics package (ILS). The DND has allotted 2.67 billion pesos for this project. The pre-bid conference was scheduled at November 15, 2013, while the actual bidding was scheduled at November 29, 2013. The seaplanes being offered should be used by the Armed Forces of the country of origin or by the Armed Forces of at least 2 other countries.^[24]
• On Mar. 17, 2014, it was reported that there are plans to procure an additional eight combat utility helicopters.^[25] It was later reported that these helicopters are Bell 412s that will be acquired from Canada. Three of these helicopters will be configured as VIP transports while the remaining five will be used to replace aging Bell 412 helicopters acquired during the Ramos administration.^[26] The helicopters will be acquired from the Canadian Commercial Corp. through a government-to-government transaction.^[27] It was also reported that the contract will be signed on Mar. 28, 2014.^[27]

Philippine Army[edit]

• The Philippine Army is expecting delivery of 114 M113A2 armored personnel carriers from the ex-US Army stocks, which are expected to arrive before the end of 2014.^[28] These are part of an earlier request by the Philippine government which was approved by the DSCA in 2012.^[29] Another batch of 28 M113A2, which includes 14 units to be armed with 76 mm turrets taken from decommissioned FV101 Scorpion tanks and fitted with modern fire control and thermal imaging equipment,^[30] 10 M113A2 with a Remote Controlled Weapons system (6 with 12.7mm machine guns, 4 with 25mm autocannons), and 4 armored recovery vehicles.^[31] These modifications will be made by Israeli company Elbit Systems Land and C4I before delivery in 2015.^[32]
• The government would also acquire rocket launchers, hand-held radios and night fighting equipment for the Philippine Army.^[8]
  • In January 2014, the Philippine Army ordered 400 Airtronic RPG-7s from the United States to replace their obsolete M18 and M67 recoilless rifles. The Airtronic RPG-7 is 60 percent lighter than the recoilless rifles and deliveries are to be completed by the end of the year.^[33]
• The Bids and Awards Committee of the Department of National Defense has declared the United States-based Remington arms company the winning bidder to supply 50,629 pieces of M4 rifles according to the Philippine representative of the company. The bid was for little less than P2-billion. 'Remington submitted a total bid price of P1,944,261,591.66, saving government coffers P1,245,365,408.34, based on the total authorized budget of contract of P3,189,627,000'. This would place the price for each rifle at around P38,400, or around $960.^[34] On 18 March 2014, the Philippine Army confirmed the purchase of 63,000 new-built M4 carbines for P2.4 billion, with the rifles costing P38,402 each. The M4s are part of an effort to replace the Army's Vietnam-era automatic rifles.^[35]
• The Armed Forces of the Philippines will acquire close to P40m ($1m) worth of hand grenades to be used for security operations. A bid bulletin published in The STAR showed that the AFP will acquire 11,364 smoke grenades and 11,460 fragmentation grenades. The government has allotted P19.944m for the smoke grenades and P19.998m for the fragmentation grenades.^[36]
• The government is ordering 44,080 force protection equipment sets, composed of bulletproof vest, plate inserts and soft-ballistic panel, for which the government allotted some P1.76 billion. Each FPE weighs from 5.8 kilograms to 6.8 kg. The BAC expects the winning bidder to deliver 15,000 sets within 120 days of the opening of Letter of Credit. The remaining 29,080 sets will be delivered later.^[37]
• The Philippine government is planning to buy anti-aircraftguided missiles from Israel. The surface-to-air missiles or multiple launch rocket systems were being offered by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd. and Israel Military Industries Ltd., both based in Israel. Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin was planning to go to Israel next week to forge an agreement with the prospective suppliers. “If you have an agreement this would hasten the procurement process, say in three to six months you would already have the weapons. The agreement gives you the leeway to access all the information you want know about a particular weapon you want to procure”.^[38]
• The Philippine Army was planning to purchase a number of 155mm self-propelled artillery to bolster the country's territorial defense capability. The Department of National Defense opened the bidding for 12 units of 155 mm howitzers and 240 rounds of projectiles worth of P438.6 million. The acquisition will boost the existing howitzers in its inventory but were outdated. On 1 April 2014, Israeli company Elbit Systems won the bid and will deliver 12 Soltam ATHOS towed artillery pieces.
• The Philippine Army has allotted 1.5 million pesos for its development of its 3rd Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The UAV will be an enhanced version of the Philippine Army's first two drones, the 'Raptor' and the 'Knight Falcon'.^[39]
• It was reported that the Philippine Army is planning to acquire P530 million worth of disaster response equipment that includes 6 units of road rollers, 30 units of dump trucks, 14 units of excavators, 8 units of road graders, and 12 units of dozers.^[40]
• It was reported that the DND plans to acquire a shore-based missile system with a budget of Php 6.5 billion that will be placed under the control and supervision of the Army.^[41] On 31 March 2014, it was reported that the SSM System will consist of 12 launchers with its attendant trailers and tracking systems plus the missiles themselves. These shore-to-ship missiles could be fired to hit naval or other sea-based targets.^[42]
• On 31 March 2014, a defense official stated that the Government is considering the acquisition of the Raytheon MIM-23 HAWK (Homing All the Way Killer) surface-to-air missiles (SAM). Made by US defense firm Raytheon Corporation, the HAWK is a medium-range SAM that has a range of about 40 kilometers and can reach targets flying as high as 40,000 feet. It is intended that the Hawk-5, the variant being eyed for purchase, will compliment and protect the shore-to-ship launchers the government also intends to acquire.^[42]
• The Department of National Defense (DND) is looking at the possibility of acquiring some medium tanks with a total of 15 units for its armored division. This was emphasized by Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana when asked by the PNA Wednesday on whether the ongoing conflict in densely-packed Marawi City, where Maute Group terrorists converted concrete houses and buildings into fortified fighting positions, necessitates the acquisition of a main battle tank fleet.^[43]

Philippine Navy and Marine Corps[edit]

• The Philippine Navy will be provided with two warships, amphibious assault vehicles (for Marines), naval helicopters, multi-purpose attack craft, and base support facilities.^[8]
• The Philippines is getting two brand-new frigates as part of the modernization program of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.^[44] The frigates would add to three refurbished Hamilton-class cutters formerly used by the US Coast Guard that the Philippines acquired and refurbished from its US ally to upgrade its aging navy fleet.
• The BRP Alcaraz (FF-16) is the Philippine Navy's second Hamilton-class cutter and sister ship of the BRP Gregorio del Pilar(PF-15). The BRP Alcaraz has 14 officers and 74 crew members led by Capt. Ernesto Baldovino. It is capable of conducting patrols for long periods of time and can withstand heavy weather and rough sea conditions. BRP Alcaraz was named after Commodore Ramon Alcaraz, a Philippine Navy officer, who commanded a patrol boat that shot down three Japanese aircraft.^[45]
• BRP Andrés Bonifacio (FF-17) is the third Gregorio del Pilar-class frigate In commission. She is the second ship of the Philippine Navy to be named after Andrés Bonifacio, a Filipino revolutionary leader, regarded as the 'Father of the Philippine Revolution' and one of the most influential national heroes of the Philippines.
• It was also reported that the Philippine Navy is planning further upgrades for its Gregorio del Pilar-class frigates. The upgrades will feature upgrades for navigation, propulsion, communication, surveillance, and weapons systems.^[46]
• Four groups took part in a conference for the bidding of 2 Strategic Sealift Vessels with Integrated Logistics Support (ILS), a PHP4-billion ($93 million) project of the Philippine Navy.^[47] The pre-bidding held at the Department of National Defense saw groups such as Navantia of Spain, Daewoo of South Korea, Larsen and Toubro of India, and Austal of Australia each appearing keen to win the supply contracts. It is among the 24 big-ticket items that President Benigno Aquino III wants to accomplish under the five-year military modernization program. The winning bidder is required to deliver the first SSV within 730 calendar days from the opening of the Letter of Credit and the second SSV to be delivered a year later. The delivery of the first SSV is expected to take place in 2015 and the second in 2016 before the term of President Aquino ends. SSVs are multi-role vessels for search and rescue operations that can also be fitted with hospital facilities and a helipad, but the ship's primary role is to transport a battalion of soldiers with armored vehicles.^[48]
• The Supply and Delivery of CWS Requirements for the Enhancement of Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) Capability and Security of DOE Service Contract Areas of the Philippine Navy was also publicly bid by the DND and AFP.^[49] The Raytheon Company won the design and construction of the National Coast Watch Center (NCWC); support integration of data from various agencies into the NCWC; and provide acquisition, installation and training on an automatic identification system as well as radio communications for the Government of the Philippines. The contract was awarded July 2013, and will end July 31, 2015.^[50]
• The Philippine Navy looked forward to the delivery of 3 AgustaWestland AW109 Power naval helicopters. The contract includes initial logistics support and training for aircrew and maintenance personnel. The AW109 Power's multi-role abilities and high performance will provide the Philippine Navy with an enhanced maritime operational capability.^[51] The 3 helicopters arrived on Dec. 8,2013. 2 more AgustaWestland AW109 Power naval helicopters are scheduled to arrive in the first quarter of 2014.
• The Philippine Marine Corps has a joint purchase with the Philippine Army is for around 44,080 new body armor or force protection equipment,^[52] additional 50,000 new rifles based on M16/M4/M4A1/AR-15 platform and 5,500 close combat optics is underway, to replace the older M16A1 still in service on both armed forces branches.^[53] composed of basic vest, plate inserts and soft-ballistic panel and weighing between 5.8 kilograms to 6.8 kg.^[54][55]
• In 2011, the Philippine Navy ordered 6 US-made riverine patrol boats. These boats arrived on August 15, 2013.^[56]
• The Philippine Navy announced that it will acquire an anti-submarinehelicopter to boost up its naval air group. This is aside from the helicopters ordered from AgustaWestland that will be arriving in 2014. 'This is under the Medium Term Capability Development Program (MTCDP 2013–2017)'. The anti-submarine helicopter is part of the PN's efforts to build its anti-submarine warfare capability.^[57] The bidding for 2 anti-submarine helicopters worth Php5.4 billion will start on April 24, 2014.^[58]
• The Philippine Navy eyes for the submarine, Reports as of May 2011 indicate that the Philippine Navy is eyeing the purchase of its first submarine not later than 2020, although no further details were provided.^[59][60] The “Philippine Fleet Desired Force Mix” strategy concept publicly released on May 2012 indicates the requirement of at least 3 submarines for deterrence and undersea warfare to be available by 2020.^[61]
• On March 3, 2013, it was reported by the Philippine News Agency that a South Korean defense manufacturer is now talking with the Department of National Defense regarding its requirements for two brand new frigates. The company is offering the Philippine Navy varieties of the Incheon class frigates.^[62] Other countries reported to be offering new frigates are the United States, Israel, Croatia and Australia.^[63] In early October, DND announced the invitation to bid for the 2 brand-new frigates with an approved budget of Php18B. The package includes complete weapons system and must be delivered within 1,460 calendar days from the opening of the letter of credit. Pre-bidding is scheduled on October 11 and the first stage of bidding will be on October 25.^[64]
• On 24 October 2016, the contract to supply two brand new general purpose stealth frigates was signed between the Department of National Defense, represented by Defense Sec. Delfin Lorenzana, and Hyundai Heavy Industries, represented by its Senior Vice President Mr. Ki Sun Chung, under the presence of officials from the DND, AFP, PN, HHI, and the South Korean Ambassador to the Philippines. On the same day, HHI released a computer generated image of the frigate in their website, and released information about the dimensions of the ships.
• On the DND invited bidders for Amphibious Assault Vehicles Acquisition Project of 8 brand-new units of amphibious assault vehicles (AAV) with Integrated Logistics Support (ILS) for the Philippine Navy amounted to Php2.5B. Delivery is required for 850 days from the opening of the letter of credit. This acquisition is part of the PN's MRV/SSV or 'Mother Ship' Project which will serve as platform for insertion of troops in beaches in an event of military siege.^[65][66] Also, they are interested to purchase a Russian BMP-3F.^[67]
• On February 4, 2014, a Philippine Navy official told that the Navy is going to modernize its current fleet of MPACs, which includes installation of more advanced radar and sensor equipment and possibly of more longer range weaponry such as anti-ship missiles.^[68] The DND already opened a public bidding for the companies who will provide remote-weapon systems and missile launchers for the MPACs.^[69]
• On February 7, 2014, the Philippine Navy announced its acquisition of three medium-sized refueling tankers that will boost the Navy's 'RAS' or 'replenishment at sea' capability.^[70] The ships will come from the Philippine National Oil Corporation (PNOC) and will arrive by May, during the Navy's 116th founding anniversary celebration.^[70]
• On August 22, 2018, The Spike-ER missiles system, which arrived in the country last April, the Navy's first missile weapon capable of penetrating 1,000 mm (39 inches) of rolled homogeneous armor and having a range of eight kilometers, was formally put in service.

Download Afp Modernization Program Philippines

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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2. ^'Republic Act No. 10349'. The Corpus Juris.
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30. ^Army to boost fire support with 14 APCs
31. ^ACDO's CORNER: 'A RELIABLE, CAPABLE RESPONSIVE MID'
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33. ^Philippines acquires RPG-7 (USA) for anti-armour operations - Janes.com, 13 January 2014
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43. ^Nurw. 'DEFENSE STUDIES: DND Mulls Acquisition of Medium Tanks'.
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67. ^http://www.angmalaya.net/nation/2014/06/22/1229-philippines-interested-in-russian-bmp-3f-report
68. ^http://ptvnews.ph/bottom-news-life2/11-11-nation-submenu/28319-navy-s-6-mpacs-for-upgrade-fabic
69. ^http://www.dnd.gov.ph/transparency/procurement/DND_BAC/Invitation_to_bid/ITB-Multi-Purpose%20Attack%20Craft%20Acquisition%20Project%20(Lot1).pdf
70. ^ ^ab'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-03-21.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)

Afp Capability Upgrade Program

External links[edit]